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GENE INFO THIS INFORMATION CREDIT AND THANKFULLY FOR http://www.guppies.com/forums/showthread.php?t=11202by MADMIKE ; Administrator of www.guppies.comPost on November 10, 2005 : 08:27 PM4 genetic terms "Dominant", "Recessive", "Heterozygous" & "Homozygous"
and its implication on your breeding program.
For example when your cross a grey guppy (GG) with a gold guppy (gg), your will get guppy
of these four different genotype (GG), (Gg), (gG) & (gg). All 3 fish with genotype (GG), (Gg), (gG)
will turn out to be a grey guppy, in this case gene (G) is considered dominant over other gene (g).
Recessive - A gene in which the trait it represent will not show because its dominanted by another
gene it pair with is considered recessive.
Refer to the example above, those guppy with genotype (Gg) will turn out to be grey instead of gold
because the gold gene (g) is recessive. Only instance when you can have a gold body guppy is
when the guppy have this genotype (gg).
Homozygous - Paired genes that are the same at the same locus (location). Using the above
example we can say that a gold body guppy have homozygous gold body trait.
Heterozygous - Paired genes that are different. Referring to the example above, the grey guppy
with (Gg) & (gG) genotype are heterozygous.
We commonly refer a heterozygous guppy as one that does not breed true
We commonly refer a homozygous guppy as one that breed true
genes/colors and their location:
Body colors (all autosomal) are:
- grey -- dominant over all over body colors
- gold/tiger/bronze -- recessive
- blond/gold -- recessive
- albino/rrea -- recessive, there are two different genes which cause the albino phenotype
and which cant be differentiated
- lutino/wrea -- recessive
- there are three types of blau: one blau gene shows no red and no yellow another blau gene
could show reduced red but no yellow and the other blau gene (this one is called hellblau, this is
a German word which means light blue) could show yellow e.g. snake skin
- pink is something special because of its peculiarities, it has a reduced number of the big black
colour cells (melanophores) and it looks like tiger in its pure manifestation (without the hb). In the
combination with the Nigrocaudatus 2 gene (its the gene for half black/tuxedo) the back becomes
pink, that was the reason for the name pink, because the first guppies with this body colour where
pink half blacks. It is suspected that they have also an increased number of iridophores. - cream
double recessive, gold + tiger
- white - double recessive, blau + gold
- silver - double recessive, blau + tiger
- super white - triple recessive, blau + gold + albino
- you can breed more combinations but only for these double and triple recessive body colours
exists a specific name
Some (not all!) colors:
1. colors for the fore-body (the belly, until the beginning of dorsal in their original appearance):
- coral is a metallic red which is in most cases y-linked but there should be one x-linked strain
in Germany too. In Germany we call it neon . In the combination with one of the blau genes it
becomes light blue.
- moscow is a y-linked gene in most cases but there are some x-linked strains too. It is a metallic
silver until dark blue colour. The intensity depends of the mood of the male. You can find this gene
in metal heads (y-linked moscow + y-linked snake skin) or moscow blues (y-linked moscow +
y-linked blue + x-linked blue) or in moscow greens and moscow purples
- Schimmelpfennig Metall (this is the original German name) or platinum is a metallic white/
yellow/bright purple/bright blue. It is y-linked in most cases but there are some x-linked strains e.g.
in Japan too.
- lazuli is a light blue which is y-linked (I dont know it for sure, because only the Japanese breed it
and in Europe there are no lines of this strain, so I had to use a online-translation which could be wrong)
2. colors for the lower-back:
- half black (it is the Nigrocaudatus 2 gene) is a x-linked gene in most cases but there are
some y-linked strains too. It is a more or less black colour. It could become dark blue too after
some selective breeding ( you have to increase the number of iridophores which lay above the
melanophores) . In combination with the platinum it seems to be greenish.
- japan blue/aquamarine is a light blue which is a y-linked gene in most cases but there are
some x-linked strains too.
- Störzbach (Stoerzbach) metal is a recessive and autosomal metallic blue, but in combination
with other colour-genes it makes them a metallic colour e.g. Mikarif (Stoerzbach metal + snake skin)
There a lot of colours which consists of several different genes for example full reds. There are 6
(perhaps more) different genes for red and they can be y-linked, x-linked and autosomal, some are
dominant and others are recessive, so its very difficult to talk about reds and full reds. Some colours
are shown on the whole body e.g. snake skin. And some colors are shown on the body and the fins
e.g. blues (in blue delta IFGA strains), parrish and hutter greens, snake skins, reds, purples,
3/4 blacks etc.
The problem is that some body-colours or normal colours also effect the form of the caudal e.g.
you cannot create a half black double sword. There are some genes which are not really a colour
like red, but the effect the caudal form too. The x-linked gene "cp" is such a gene. It causes a dark
pigmentation of the caudal and together with the double sword-gene it causes a delta tail. The
delta tail always consists of two or more genes. There has to be the double sword-gene (which
can be y- or x-linked) and a colour gene for the caudal. Sometimes the male has both necessary
genes or the female has both genes or each sex has only one of these genes, but in all these case
you got a delta tail.
I hope you can see that the genetic of the guppy is very complex and to create a new strain is a lot
of hard work and a great challenge. Feel free to ask me f you have any problems concerning the
basic genetic of you guppy.
only the male can show y-linked traits. But they can also show x-linked taits or a mix of y- and of
x-linked traits. Y-linked means that the gene(s) for this trait are on the Y-chromosome. It's the same
with x-linked.
Females can't show all traits because there is a lack of some special colorcells in their skin. They
have all kinds of colorcells but they have less cells of certain kinds than the males. If a y-linked gene
becomes x-linked because of a crossing-over the appearance of the phenotype of this trait on the
females could be the same as on the males. But sometimes there are some changes in the
appearance e.g. japan blue. Females with x-linked japan blue don't show any blue on the body,
they only show sometimes some blue on the caudal. Don't ask me why they don't show it. Full gold
females show that females have enough iridophores to show metalic colors. You see the same
genotype (same genes) doesn't mean the same phenotype (this what you can see with your eyes
if you look on the fsih) at both sexes. It's like every science: there are more questions than answers
and even if got the answer to one question there two new questions in this one answer.
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